Gallische Römer oder römische Gallier? Menschen und Gottheiten in ausgewählten Bild-Schrift-Denkmälern der Nordprovinzen im 1. Jh. n. Chr.: Der Pilier des Nautes in Paris und ein Iuppiter-Taranis-Altar in Noricum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36707/palaeohispanica.v0i17.151Palavras-chave:
Romanisation, Identität, Religion, Gallien, Keltische GottheitenResumo
Die Untersuchung betrifft zwei Denkmäler aus dem frühen gallorömischen Kulturraum und vergleicht diese miteinander. Beide beziehen sich sowohl auf keltische als auch römische Gottheiten im Sinne von Identität, Sebstbewusstheit und Romanisation bzw. Romanisierung. Der Nautenpfeiler von Paris wird hier in die Jahre 14-16 datiert und als Votiv militärischer ethischer Hilfstruppenformationen Roms, die aus dem Stamm der Parisi entstanden waren, gesehen, womit deren Mitgliedern eine doppelte Identität in ihrer keltischen civitas und als römische Bürger gegeben wurde. Dies wird durch die ausbalancierte Anwesenheit von keltischen und römischen Gottheiten ausgedrückt. Andererseits wird ein Weihaltar aus Noricum (Oberösterreich) aus dem mittleren 1. Jh. n. Chr. vorgeführt. Diese Landschaft war lange von Boiern bewohnt und wurde ab dem mittleren 1. Jh. v. Chr. von den Norikern politisch dominiert. Hier zeigt ein Seitenrelief zwar einen keltischen Gott mit dem Rad, wahrscheinlich Taranis, die Inschrift erwähnt aber nur den römischen Iuppiter. Im Folgenden wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Motive und Prozesse zu solch verschiedenen Ausprägungen des Umgangs mit keltischen Gottheiten durch keltischstämmige Römer geführt haben könnten.
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